Our Revision Notes for GSEB Class 10 Social Science Notes Chapter 21 Social Change summarises the key points of a chapter and useful resource to prepare effectively for the upcoming board exams.

Social Change Class 10 GSEB Notes Social Science Chapter 21

Social Change Class 10 GSEB Notes

→ The change that occurs in the social structure and the social institutions is known as social change.

→Social changes have been seen in relations, family arrangement, marriage arrangement, culture, lifestyle of people, literature, art, music and dance due to westernisation, globalization and urbanization.

→ Physical changes in society, living standard of people has improved. Effects of western culture are evident in the lifestyle.

→ People do not have knowledge about law, they violate law but they are not forgiven from punishment or conviction. So, it has necessary to give basic understanding ancf information to every citizen.

→ Rights are the indispensible feature of citizenship. Charter of Rights United Nations has enshrined human rights to all the human beings without any discrimination.

→ The Indian Constitution has given six fundamental rights to all the citizens without any discrimination.

→ If any of the state or nation violates these rights, then she/he has the right to seek justice from the High Court or the Supreme Court. Citizens have got this right, under provisions in right to constitutional remedies.

→ Child development and child welfare are the preconditions for social development.

→ Children are the least protected section of the society. Progress of any nation depends on the overall development of children living in it.

→ The United Nations has proclaimed the rights of children with regard to their development and welfare in its Charter of Rights in 1992. These Juvenile rights have been given place in the Indian Constitution.

→ Children are soft and sensitive. To injure a child deliberately or accidently, physical punishment or threatening, bitter speech or use of abusive language for insulting or publically humiliating, sexual harassment, excessive battering, etc. physical and mental or both types of violence are considered to be child abuse.

→ Child labour is a global problem.

→ All the labourers below 14 years of age are called child labour. According to report of UNICEF, India has the highest number of child labours in organized and unorganized sector in proportion to its population.

→ In Indian economy child labour is seen abundance in all the sectors.

→ Condition of child labour is very pathetic. This condition is responsible for birth of child offender. For livelihood those children are forced to do labour who had escaped to cities from home are in search of shelter, orphan or destitute children or those children who have taken shelter in their relatives houses and these relatives force them to do labour for food.

→ Child is the cheapest factor of production as compared to others. They are unorganized. They cannot raise their voice or cannot protest.

→ As child labour is easily available, work could be taken from them by paying less wages.

→ Due to lack of educational facilities in the rural areas, children are sent to work in order to fulfil their family needs at the age of schooling.

→ Some of the children among them get involved in crime in tender age and become criminals.

→ Many constitutional provisions have been made by the government in order to abolish child labour.
→ The problem of elderly and helpless people is universal.

→ Due to influence of western culture and urge to live in nuclear family, children are forgetting ethical responsibilities towards elderly people, values and culture.

→ Elderly people are compelled to live in ‘Old Age Homes’.

→ UN has announced year 1999 as the “International Elederly Year”. Every year 1st October is celebrated as “the World Elderly People Day” at the international level.

→ Such an individual or group activity or behavior which is against rules proposed by laws in the society is called anti-social activity.

→ Corruption is a global problem.

→ Conduct of corruption is seen in diverse forms.

→ Corruption has adverse effects on economy or society.

→ The Central Anti-bribery Bureau was established in 1964. Its function is to investigate the allegation against the government officials who are involved in corruption.

→ Anti-corruption Act was enacted in 1988.

→ Right to Information Act was enacted by the Government of India on 15th June, 2005. The government of Gujarat enacted the Right to information Act on 5th October,2005.

→ Right to Education Act was enacted by the Government of India in 2009. It guarantees free and compulsory education to all children in the age group of ‘6 to 14 years. The Government of Gujarat enacted a similar Act in 2012.

→ National Food Security Act was implemented from 5th July, 2013.

→ The Government of Gujarat has launched different schemes to provide food security to the needy poor.