Our Revision Notes for GSEB Class 9 Social Science Notes Chapter 18 Climate summarises the key points of a chapter and useful resource to prepare effectively for the upcoming board exams.

Climate Class 9 GSEB Notes Social Science Chapter 18

Climate Class 9 GSEB Notes

→ In the entire world, about 15 lakh species of wild life are recorded of which 81,251 species are found in India.
(Zoo – Geographic Regions Of India

→ The wild life of India is divided into 9 zone. They are:

• Himalayas
• Ladakh and Cold area
• Forest cover in lower Himalayas
• Highlands without forest cover in upper Himalayas
• Northern Plain
• Desert of Rajasthan
• Peninsular Plateau
• Sea Coast and
• Hilgiri Hills.

The Diversified Wild Life of India

→ Indian has diversified wild life, thus, animals seen are Asian elephant in peninsular rain forest, one homed rhino in swampy Brahmaputra river, snow leopards in higher Himalayas, wild goats and musk deer in Jammu and Kashmir, wild buffalo (Indian Bison), tiger in Central India and West Bengal, Ghudkhar (wildass) in Little Rann of Kachchh and flamingo in water logged Greater Rann.

→ Presence of Great India Bustard in the grassland area is noted again.

→ In the water lodged area, migratory birds from cold regions come down in great number.

→ Nicobari dove is a rare bird seen in Nicobar island.

→ Rare species of corals are seen in the Gulf of Kachchh and Lakshadweep.

→ Animals like fox, wolf, nilgai, deer, mongoose, rabbits, wild hog, hedgehog are seen in agriculture areas.

→ Many birds such as nightingale, parrot, peacock, weaver bid, chibari, pilak, vulture, kabar, dhor bagla etc. are also seen roaming in these areas.

Wildlife and the need for conservation

• There is a danger to the existence of the wild life since last few decades.
• Vultures are on verge of becoming extinct due to eating the meat which becomes polluted by diclofenac drug used in the treatment of sick milch cattle.
• Once the Asiatic Lions of Gir which were seen even upto middle east, are now restricted to Gir forests only.
• With due steps taken for their protection, now their number is 523.

Dangers to Wildlife

• Due to heavy grazing by domestic animals in the forests, herbivores are deprived of their food which results in decrease in their numbers.
• As they approach human settlements, situation of conflict arises between animals and human settlements.
• This conflict leads the destruction of wildlife.-
• Besides, their effects on pollution is also very adverse due to human activities.

Remedies to conserve Wildlife

• Cutting of large trees outside the forests area should best stopped, because the hollow space within them and their branches are nesting place for bids.
• Ponds, farm ponds and wetlands, which are necessary for migratory bids and for those which are habited near any water body, should be protected.
• An active work is urgently needed to reduce pollution.

Steps taken to nurture the Wild Life

→ Parliament has passed a Wild Life Conservation Act according to the recommendations of Indian Wild Life Board.

→ In 2014, there were 503 Sanctuaries, 102 National Parks and 14 bio – reserves.

→ Of these, 22 sanctuaries, 4 national parks and 1 bio reserve zone happen to be in Gujarat.

→ Project Tiger : This Project was launched in 1973 against hunting and decreasing number of tigers.

→ This was implemented for 9 reserved areas, under which now 48 areas are covered.

Lion Project:

• In 1972, a project was started in Gir to protect the Asiatic Lions.
• As a result of this project and the timely taken steps, there are now 523 lions according to the Lion Census held in 2015.
• Other projects are Hangool Project for the rare species of Baransinga deer in Kashmir, Crocodile Project for the saline water crocodiles. Rhino Project for the protection of Indian Rhino and
  Snow Leopard Project.