Gujarat Board GSEB Class 11 English Textbook Solutions Hornbill Chapter 4 Landscape of the Soul Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf.

Gujarat Board Textbook Solutions Class 11 English Hornbill Chapter 4 Landscape of the Soul

GSEB Class 11 English Landscape of the Soul Text Book Questions and Answers

Understanding the Text

Question 1.
Contrast the Chinese view of art with the European view with examples.
Answer:
The Chinese paintings are based on imaginative, inner or spiritual approach whereas the European paintings reproduce an actual view, of an external or real object. The paintings of Wu Daozi and later painters of Europe illustrate the difference.

Question 2.
Explain the concept of shanshui.
Answer:
Shanshui, meaning ‘mountain-water’, refers to a style of Chinese painting that involves natural landscapes, the landscape which is an inner one, a spiritual and conceptual space. It represents the two complementary poles (‘vin’ and ‘young’) reflecting the Daoist view of the universe.

Question 3.
What do you understand by the terms ‘outsider art’ and ‘art brut’ or ‘raw art’?
Answer:
‘Outsiders art’ refers to those art who have no right to be artists as they have recieved no formal training yet show talent and artistic insight. ‘Art brut’ or ‘raw art’ are the works of art in their raw state as regards cultural and artistic influences.

Question 4.
Who was the ‘untutored genius who created a paradise’ and what is the nature of his contribution to art?
Answer:
The ‘untutored genius’ who created ‘paradise’ was Nek Chand, an 80-year-old creator- director who made the world famous rock garden at Chandigarh. His was an ‘outsider art’ in which he sculpted with stone and recycled materials. He used anything and everything from a tin to a sink to a broken down car to form an artistic piece. One of his famous creations are ‘Women by the Waterfall’.

Talking about the Text
Discuss the following statements in groups of four:

Question 1.
‘The Emperor may rule over the territory he has conquered, but only the artist knows the way within.’
Answer:
This sentence explains the fact that even though an Emperor might rule an entire kingdom and have power over his conquered territory, only an artist would be able to go beyond any material appearance. He knows both the path and the method of the mysterious work of the universe. True meaning of his work can be seen only by means known to him, irrespective of how powerful an emperor is.

Question 2.
‘The landscape is an inner one, a spiritual and conceptual space.’
Answer:
This phrase explains The Chinese art from where a Chinese painter wants you to enter his mind rather than borrow his eyes. This is a physical as well as a mental participation. It is a landscape created by the artist to travel up and down and back again, through the viewer’s eyes. The landscape is not ‘real’ and can be reached from any point.

Thinking about Language

Question 1.
Find out the correlates of Yin and Yang in other cultures.
Answer:
The Indian culture lays stress on Nature and God. Nature is the ‘Yin’ or female part whereas God-the creator, is the male part. This concept also known as ‘Maya’ or ‘Brahma’. The combination of two creates the whole world, all it’s. objects and also inhabitants.

Question 2.
What is the language spoken in Flanders ?
Answer:
Dutch language is spoken in Flanders which is a region in Belgium.

Working with Words
The following common words are used in more than one sense:

panel,
studio,
brush,
essence,
material

Examine the following sets of sentences to find out what the words, ‘panel’ and ‘essence’ mean in different contexts:
Question 1.
(1) The masks from Bawa village in Mali look like long panels of decorated wood.
(2) Judge H. Hobart Grooms told the jury panel he had heard the reports.
(3) The panel is laying the groundwork for an international treaty.
(4) The glass panels of the window were broken.
(5) Through the many round tables, workshops and panel discussions, a consensus was reached.
(6) The sink in the hinged panel above the bunk drains into the head.
Answer:
Panel
(1) boards of decorated wood.
(2) group of men selected to give unanimous verdict on a legal case.
(3) group of experts.
(4) window panes.
(5) group discussions.
(6) a flat board fixed with a hinge.

Question 2.
(1) Their repetitive structure must have taught the people around the great composer the essence of music.
(2) Part of the answer is in the proposition; but the essence is in the meaning.
(3) The implications of these schools of thought are of practical essence for the teacher.
(4) They had added vanilla essence to the pudding.
Answer:
Essence
(1) The most important quality of something that makes it what it is.
(2) the main part.
(3) practical importance.
(4) liquid taken from vanilla that contains its smell and taste in very strong form.

Question 3.
Now find five sentences each for the rest of the words to show the different senses in which each of them is used.
Answer:
The students will find the sentences for the rest three words, i.e., ‘studio’, ‘brush’ and ‘material’ themselves to show the different senses in which each of them is used.

Noticing Form

• A classical Chinese landscape is not meant to reproduce an actual View, as would a Western figurative painting.
• Whereas the European painter wants you to borrow his eyes and look at a particular landscape exactly as he saw it, from a specific angle, the Chinese painter does not choose a single viewpoint.

The above two examples are ways in which contrast may be expressed.

Combine the following sets of ideas to show the contrast between them:
Question 1.
(i) European art tries to achieve a perfect, illusionistic likeness.
(ii) Asian art tries to capture the essence of inner life and spirit.
Answer:
While European art tries to achieve a perfect, illusionistic likeness, Asian art, on the other hand, tries to capture the essence of inner life and spirit.

Question 2.
(i) The Emperor commissions a painting and appreciates its outer appearance.
(ii) The artist reveals to him the true meaning of his work.
Answer:
Even though the Emperor commissions a painting and appreciates its outer appearance, it is the artist who reveals to him the true meaning of his work.

Question 3.
(i) The Emperor may rule over the territory he has conquered.
(ii) The artist knows the way within.
Answer:
Despite the Emperor ruling over the territory he has conquered, the artist knows the way within.

Things to Do

Question 1.
Find out about as many Indian schools of painting as you can. Write a short note on the distinctive features of each school.
Answer:
Various Indian schools of painting are listed below:
Bengal School of Art; Patna Qalaam (or, Patna School of Paintings); Madhubani paintings, Rajasthani paintings, Pattachitra paintings, Mysore paintings, etc.
Distinctive features of different schools of painting are given below:

Bengal School of Art
Emerging in early 20th century India during the British Raj (the period of British rule over the Indian subcontinent that ended in 1947), the Bengal School of Art sought to establish a distinctly Indian art that celebrated an indigenous cultural heritage rather than Western art and culture. Ernest Binfield Havell, a teacher at the Calcutta Art School was instrumental in the movement’s formation. Rejecting the academic tradition typically promoted in British art schools, he encouraged students’ discovery of Mughal art-art produced under the Mughal empire in Southern Asia between 1526 and 1857-a curriculum that was vehemently protested by the faculty, students and press.

With the young painter Abanindranath Tagore, Havell went on to spearhead a nationalist and modern art movement that celebrated historical, spiritual and artistic Indian traditions. Comprising a diverse group of artists that included Gaganendranath Tagore, Abdur Rahman Chugtai and Ganesh Pyne, the Bengal School of Art also incorporated elements from Far Eastern art, such as the Japanese wash technique.

Patna galaam OR Patna School of Paintings
Patna School of Painting or Patna Qalaam or company painting is a style of Indian Painting, which existed in Bihar, India in the 18th and 19th centuries. Patna Qalaam was world’s first independent school of painting which dealt exclusively with the commoner and his lifestyle also helped Patna Kalam paintings gain in popularity. Patna style of painting was called miniature painting which depicts common people and their lifestjde. These painting were painted straight away without using pencil to delineate the contours of painting. Painters used to extracts color indigenously.

Madhubani paintings: It is a style of Indian painting, practiced in the Mithila region of Bihar state. They have two-dimensional imagery and the colours used are derived from plants.

Rajasthani paintings: As Hindu-rulers of Rajputana maintained close political and social links to the Mughal court, one can observe strong Mughal influence on paintings here.

Influenced by the surroundings, miniature paintings have their own unique style; hills and valleys, court assemblies and hunting expeditions, religious festivals, processions and scenes from the life of Lord Krishna- a widely devoted Hindu God in India.

Pattachitra paintings: “Patta” literally means “cloth” and “Chitra” means “picture” in Sanskrit. The pattachitra painting tradition is closely linked with the worship of Lord Jagannath. Stories from the Ramayana, Mahabharata and of Radha and Krishna are the other main themes.

Mysore paintings: It is an important form of classical South Indian painting that originated in the town of Mysore in Karnataka. The themes for most of these paintings are Hindu gods and goddesses and scenes from Hindu mythology.

Question 2.
Find out about experiments in recycling that help in environmental conservation.
Answer:
Experiments in recycling that help in environmental conservation are given below:
The uranium left over from processing it into nuclear weapons and fuel for nuclear . reactors is called depleted uranium and it is used by all branches of the U.S. military force for armour-piercing shells and shielding. Paper bags, chocolate boxes, gift boxes and corporate gifting are recycled handmade paper products. Building on its reputation for sustainable, high performance fabric solutions, Glen Raven custom fabrics has introduced Heritage -‘a Sunbrella furniture fabric featuring 50 per cent recycled content.

GSEB Class 12 English Landscape of the Soul Additional Important Questions and Answers

Questions – Answers (Textual)
Answer the following questions in four to five sentences each:

Question 1.
What happened to Wu Daozi ?
Answer:
Wu Daozi clapped his hands and the entrance to the cave opened. He entered into the cave and the entrance closed behind him. Then he never came back.

Question 2.
What is the content of the books by Confucius and Zuangzi? What do they reveal?
Answer:
The books written by Confucius and Zuangzi are full of anecdotes. They play important part in China’s classical education. They deeply reveal the spirit in which art was considered.

Question 3.
Who was Quinten Metsys ? Why was he not allowed to marry the girl he loved?
Answer:
Quinten Metsys was a master blacksmith. He fell in love with a painter’s daughter. The girl’s father would not accept a son-in-law in such a profession. So he was not allowed to marry the girl he loved.

Question 4.
What happens in the Chinese story ?
Answer:
In the Chinese story, the Emperor commissions a painting and appreciates its outer appearance. But the artist reveals to him the true meaning of his work.

Question 5.
What do the two Chinese stories illustrate ?
Answer:
The two Chinese stories illustrate what each form of art, i.e., Western Art and Chinese (Asian) Art is trying to achieve. There is a perfect illusionistic likeness in Europe, while there is essence of inner life and spirit in Asia.

Question 6.
What is the third element in Daoism ? What is it compared with?
Answer:
The third element in Daoism is the middle void. It is often overlooked. It can be compared with the Yogic practice of ‘pranayama’, i.e., ‘breathe in, retain, breathe out’-the suspension of breath is the Void where meditation occurs.

Question 7.
Write Wu Daozi’s story.
Answer:
Wu Daozi was a Chinese painter who lived in the eighth century. Tang Emperor Xuanzopg employed him to decorate a palace wall. The Emperor was very happy with the painting. It had forests, high mountains, waterfalls, clouds floating in the sky, men on hilly paths and birds in flight. Once the painter told the Emperor that in that cave, at the foot of the mountain, there lived a spirit.

The painter clapped his hands and the entrance to the cave opened. Inside the cave was splendid beyond any verbal expression. Then the painter entered the cave, but the entrance closed behind him. Before the astonished Emperor could move or utter a word, the painting had vanished from the wall. Neither a trace of Wu Daozi’s brush nor the artist was seen again in this world.

Question 8.
Write the story of Quinten Metsys.
Answer:
A master blacksmith named Quinten Metsys lived in Antwerp in the fifteenth century. He fell in love with a painter’s daughter. The father would not accept a son-in-law in the profession of blacksmith, so he was not ready to get his daughter married with him. Once Quinten secretly entered the painter’s studio and painted a fly on his latest panel.

The fly looked so real that the father tried to swat it away. With this influence, he immediately admitted Quinten as an apprentice into his studio. Later he married the painter’s daughter and went
on to become one of the most famous painters of his age.

Question 9.
Give comparison between a Chinese painter and a Western painter.
Answer:
The European painter wants the viewer to borrow his eyes and look at a particular landscape exactly as he saw it, from a specific angle. While the Chinese painter does not choose a single viewpoint. His landscape is not a ‘real’ one and a viewer can enter it from any point, then travel in it. The Chinese artist creates a path for a viewer’s eyes to travel up and down, then back again, in a leisurely movement. The Chinese painter does not want a viewer to borrow his eyes; he wants a viewer to enter his mind. The landscape is an inner one, a spiritual and conceptual space.

Question 10.
Write about Nek Chand and his Rock Garden sculpture, at Chandigarh.
Answer:
Nek Chand is 80-year-old creator-director. He is now hailed as India’s biggest contributor to outsider art. Years ago he cleaned a little patch of jungle and made himself a garden sculpted with stone and recycled material. Today it is known to the world as the Rock Garden at Chandigarh. He believes that anything and everything from a tin. to a sink to a broken down car could be material for a work of art.

Reading Comprehension (Textual)
Read the following passages and select the most appropriate options as answers to the questions given below them:

Question 1.
A WONDERFUL old tale is told about the painter Wu Daozi, who lived in the eighth century.
His last painting was a landscape commissioned by the Tang Emperor Xuanzong to decorate a palace wall. The master had hidden his work behind a screen, so only the Emperor would see it. For a long while, the Emperor admired the wonderful scene, discovering forests, high mountains, waterfalls, clouds floating in an immense sky, men on hilly paths, birds in flight. ‘Look, Sire’, said the painter, ‘in this cave, at the foot of the mountain, dwells a spirit.’ The painter clapped his hands and the entrance to the cave opened.

‘The inside is splendid, beyond anything words can convey. Please let me show Your Majesty the way.’ The painter entered the cave; but the entrance closed behind him and before the astonished Emperor could move or utter a word, the painting had vanished from the wall. Not a trace of Wu Daozi’s brush was left-and the artist was never seen again in this world.

Questions:
1. What did the emperor Xuanzong commission the landscape of Wu Daozi for ?
A. Ppreparing his last painting.
B. Decorating the palace wall.
C. Placing it in his court-room.
D. Bringing about awareness about painting.
Answer:
B. Decorating the palace wall.

2. The subject of Wu Daozi’s painting was/were………………….
A. high mountains.
B. waterfalls.
C. clouds floating in an immense sky.
D. All of these three
Answer:
D. All of these three

3. In the end ……………….
A. the painter disappeared.
B. the painting vanished from the wall.
C. the painting got spoiled.
D. Both A’ and ‘B’
Answer:
D. Both A’ and ‘B’

4. The word used to address the king with respect in the passage is ……………..
A. Sire.
B. Your Majesty.
C. Emperor.
D. Both A’ and ‘B’
Answer:
D. Both A’ and ‘B’

Question 2.
In fifteenth century Antwerp, a master blacksmith called Quinten Metsys fell in love with a painter’s daughter. The father would not accept a son-in-law in such a profession. So Quinten sneaked into the painter’s studio and painted a fly on his latest panel, with such delicate realism that the master tried to swat it away before he realised what had happened. Quinten was immediately admitted as an apprentice into his studio. He married his beloved and went on to become one of the most famous painters of his age. These two stories illustrate what each form of art is trying to achieve : a perfect, illusionistic likeness in Europe, the essence of inner life and spirit in Asia.

Questions:
1. The girl’s father was not ready to get his daughter married with Quinten Metsys because ……………….
A. he was a road side painter.
B. he was a low-profile blacksmith.
C. he was not rich.
D. Both A’ and ‘B’
Answer:
B. he was a low-profile blacksmith.

2. The fly on the panel looked ……………….
A. so dirty that the master tried to swat it away.
B. so nice that the master wanted to get it painted on every wall of the palace.
C. so real that the master tried to swat it away.
D. All of these three
Answer:
C. so real that the master tried to swat it away.

3. What reward did Quinten Metsys get for his realistic painting?
A. He was admitted as an apprentice into the painter’s studio.
B. He was allowed to marry his beloved.
C. He was given a royal gift.
D. Both A’ and ‘B’
Answer:
D. Both A’ and ‘B’

4. What term is used in the passage for the art that Quinten Metsys performed by painting a fly on the palace wall?
A. Illusionistic
B. Delicate
C. Apprentice
D. Illustrate
Answer:
A. Illusionistic

Question 3.
This concept is expressed as shanshui, literally ‘mountain-water’ which used together represent the world ‘landscape’. More than two’ elements of an image, these represent two complementary poles, reflecting the Daoist view of the universe. The mountain is Yang – reaching vertically towards Heaven, stable, warm, and dry in the sun, while the water is Yin – horizontal and resting on the earth, fluid, moist and cool.

The interaction of Yin, the receptive, feminine aspect of universal energy, and its counterpart Yang, active and masculine, is of course a fundamental notion of Daoism. What is often overlooked is an essential third element, the Middle Void where their interaction takes place. This can be compared with the yogic practice of pranayama; breathe in, retain, breathe out-the suspension of breath is the Void where meditation occurs. The Middle Void is essential – nothing can happen without it; hence the importance of the white, unpainted space in Chinese landscape.

Questions:
1. The word ‘landscape’ is combination of …………….
A. ‘Shan’ and ‘Shui’.
B. Mountain and Water.
C. ‘Yang’ and ‘Yin’.
D. All of these three
Answer:
D. All of these three

2. According to the Daoist view, ‘Yang’ is ……………….
A. vertical.
B. horizontal.
C. void.
D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’
Answer:
A. vertical.

3. The interaction between ‘Yang’ and ‘Yin’ is compared with ……………..
A. Yog.
B. Pranayam.
C. Universal energy.
D. Void.
Answer:
B. Pranayam.

4. The unpainted space in Chinese landscape is ……………………
A. The Middle Void.
B. Pranayam.
C. Yang.
D. Yin.
Answer:
A. The Middle Void.

Question 4.
The notion of ‘art brut’ or ‘raw art’, was of works that were in their raw state as regards cultural and artistic influences. Anything and everything from a tin to a sink to a broken down car could be material for a work of art, something Nek Chand has taken to dizzying heights. Recognising his art as ‘an outstanding testimony of the difference a single man can make when he lives his dream’, the Swiss Commission for UNESCO will be honouring him by way of a European exposition of his works. : The five-month interactive show, ‘Realm of Nek Chand’, beginning October will be held at leading museums in Switzerland, Belgium, France and Italy. ‘The biggest reward is walking through the garden and seeing people enjoy my creation.’ Nek Chand says.
BRINDA SURI ’
Hindustan Times, 28 August 2005

Questions:
1. What are ‘Art brut’ or ‘Raw art’?
A. ‘Graffitti’
B. ‘Naive art’.
C. ‘Fine art’
D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’
Answer:
D. Both ‘A’ and ‘B’

2. What could be material for ‘art brut’ as given in the passage ?
A. A tin
B. A sink
C. A broken down car
D. All of these three
Answer:
D. All of these three

3. The meaning of the phrase ‘take to dizzying heights’ is …………………..
A. ‘bring a great glory’.
B. ‘let down something’.
C. ‘overlook something’.
D. ‘access something’.
Answer:
A. ‘bring a great glory’.

4. According to Nek Chand the biggest reward for his work is …………………
A. ‘the five-month interactive show’.
B. ‘people enjoy his creation walking through the garden’.
C. ‘honour given by UNESCO’.
D. ‘european exposition of his works’.
Answer:
B. ‘people enjoy his creation walking through the garden’.

Grammar

Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks choosing the correct words given in the brackets and write the answers only:

Question 1.
(appearance, mysterious, conquered, commissions, reveals, method, within, territory)
In the Chinese story, the Emperor ……………1…………….. a painting and appreciates its outer …………2………… But the artist ……………3………….. to him the true meaning of his work. The Emperor may rule over the ……………4………….. he has ……………..5………….., but only the artist knows the way …………..6 …………… “Let me show the Way”, the ‘Dao’, a word that means both the path or the …………..7………….. , and the …………..8…………. works of the Universe.
Answer:
1. commissions
2. appearance
3. reveals
4. territory
5. conquered
6. within
7. method
8. mysterious

Question 2.
(suggested, conduit, essential, fundamental, expression, Universe, oppressed, landscape)
This is also where Man finds a …………..1………….. role. In that space between Heaven and Earth, he becomes the …………2………… of communication between both poles of the …………3………….. His presence is ………….4………….. even if it’s only ……………5………………; far from being lost or ……………6……………. by the lofty peaks, he is, in Francois Cheng’s wonderful …………….7…………, “the eye of the ……………8………….”.
Answer:
1. fundamental
2. conduit
3. Universe
4. essential
5. suggested
6. oppressed
7. expression
8. landscape

Rectification of Errors
Rectify the errors in the following passages:

Question 1.
Same stories played an important part in China’s classic education. The books of Confucius and Zhuangzi are full of them; they help the master guiding his disciple in the right direction.
Answer:

Question 2.
In fifteen century Antwerp, a master blacksmith called Quinten Metsys felled in love with a painter’s daughter. The father will not accept a son-in-law in the same profession.
Answer:

Question 3.
Quinten was immediately admit like an apprentice into his studio and painted a fly on his last panel, with such delicate realism as the master tried to swat it away.
Answer:

Question 4.
In the Chinese story, the Emperor committed a painting and appreciates its out appearance. Since the artist reveals to him the true meaning of his work. The Empreror might rule over the territory he has conquered.
Answer:

Question 5.
The gener is described as the art of those whom have ‘no right’ to be artists when they have received no informal training, yet show talent and artistic insight.
Answer:

Replacing Phrases – Idioms
Choose the correct meanings of the phrases/idioms and rewrite the sentences:

1. I managed to sneak in through the back door while she wasn’t looking. (come out, leave, enter secretly)
2. Uttam was greatiy hailed for his extra-ordinary performance. (praised, condemned, supported) ?
3. The invention took the scientist to dizzying heights, (the peak of mountain, very high level of success, a great setback).
4. She felt oppressed and discouraged in such s an unfriendly environment, (worried and uncomfortable, self-satisfied, reluctant)
Answer:
1. I managed to enter secretly the back door while she wasn’t looking.
2. Uttam was greatiy praised for his extraordinary performance.
3. The invention took the scientist to very high level of success.
4. She felt worried and uncomfortable in such an unfriendly environment.

Punctuations
Punctuate the following passages:

Question 1.
Look Sire said the painter in this cave at the foot of the mountain dwells a spirit
Answer:
“Look, Sire”, said the painter, “in this cave, at the foot of the mountain, dwells a spirit.”

Question 2.
The concept is expressed as Shanshui literally mountain water which used together represent the word landscape
Answer:
The concept is expressed as Shanshui, literally ‘mountain water’ which used together represent the word ‘landscape’.

Question 3.
Its 80 year old creator director Nek Chand is now hailed as Indias biggest contributor to outsider art
Answer:
Its 80-year-old creator-director, Nek Chand, is now hailed as India’s biggest contributor to outsider art.

Indirect Narration
Turn the following dialogues into Indirect form of narration:

Question 1.
Customer: Can I have a cigarette, please. Saleswoman : Of course, but you cannot smoke here.
Customer: What ?
Saleswoman: Yes sir, smoking is prohibited here.
Customer: That’s funny. You sell cigarettes in here, but you prohibit smoking?
Saleswoman: (smilingly) We also sell bath towels here, sir.
Answer:
A man who has just bought a cigarette in a departmental store was warned by the saleswoman not to smoke there. The agitated customer retorted by saying that it was odd that the store that sold cigarettes prohibited smoking. The saleswoman smilingly said that they also sold bath towels there.

Question 2.
Antony: Where are you going ?
Peter: To the market, ……………
Antony: May I join you ?
Peter: It will be a pleasure.
Answer:
Antony asked Peter where he was going. Peter replied that he was going to the market. Antony asked if he could join him. Peter said that it would be pleasure.

Question 3.
Mother: So you have been hitting Antony again ?
Martin: “No I haven’t. Who told you that ?”
Mother: “Don’t tell lies ! You have.”
Answer:
Mother angrily called Martin out that he had been hitting Antony again. Martin angrily answered back, asserting that he had not beaten Antony and inquired as to who had told her that. His mother warned him loudly not to tell lies and persisted in saying that he had beaten Antony.

Question 4.
Allen: “Why don’t you get up ? We can go for a long walk”.
Ben: “If you like, you can go”.
Allen: “Why ? Are you not well ?”
Answer:
Allen suggested to Ben to get up and they could go for a long walk. Ben told him curtly than if he liked, he could go. Allen enquired whether he was not well.

Question 5.
Sam: “Elizabeth ! Our friends are waiting for us outside. At least lower your voice”.
Sarah: Let them be there, when you don’t care for the people why should I.
Sam: What is wrong with you today?
Answer:
Sam reminded Elizabeth that their friends were waiting for them outside. He also requested her to lower her voice. Sarah replied loudly that she did not care for them. Then she asked him why she should bother for the people when he didn’t. Sam asked her what was wrong with her that ‘ day.

Question 6.
Policeman: “I hope your friend comes around all right.” “Are you going to wait for some time.”
Daniel: “I’ll give him half an hour.”
Policeman: “Good night Sir” said the policeman passing on along 4s beat, examining doors as he went.
Answer:
The policeman told Daniel that he hoped his friend would come around all right. Then he asked him if he was going to wait for some time. Daniel replied that he would give him half an hour. The policeman bade him good night, passing on along his beat, examining doors as he went on.

Question 7.
Jems: The day after tomorrow you will receive the money.
Robert: I need the money today, not the day after tomorrow.
Jems: Forgive me, I can’t pay you today.
Answer:
Jems tells Robert that he would receive the money the day after the next. Robert tells him that he needs the money that very day, not the day after next. Jems, asking him to forgive him, tells him that he cannot pay that day.

Question 8.
Teacher: Akram, why were you absent yesterday ?
Akram: Yesterday I had cold and fever, sir. I couldn’t inform you beforehand.
Teacher: That’s okay. Take care of your health.
Answer:
The teacher asked Akram why he was absent the previous day. Akram replied that he had cold and fever the previous day and added that he couldn’t inform him beforehand. The teacher advised him to take care of his health.

Question 9.
Passenger: Please give me three tickets to Paris. How much is it?
Conductor: Six dollars a ticket.
Passenger: Okay. Here’s six dollars.
Answer:
The passenger requested the conductor to give him three tickets to Paris and asked hpw much it was. The conductor replied that it was six dollars a ticket. The passenger paid six dollars.

Question 10.
Patient: “I slipped I have pain in my ankle. It is aching”.
Doctor: Your ankle is swollen badly. It looks like a sprain. You better go in for an X-Ray.
Answer:
The Patient told the doctor that he had slipped and as a result had pain in his ankle which was aching. The doctor said that it looked like a sprain as his ankle was swollen badly. He suggested to him to take an X-Ray.

Transformation of Sentences
Rewrite the following sentences as directed:

Question 1.
His last painting was a landscape. (Make it Negative.)
Answer:
His last painting was none other than a landscape.

Question 2.
The master had hidden his work behind a screen. (Change the Voice.)
Answer:
His work had been hidden behind a screen by the master.

Question 3.
Not a trace of Wu Daozi’s brush was left. (Turn into Affirmative.)
Answer:
Every trace of Wu Daozi’s brush was removed.

Question 4.
The word ‘Dao’ means both the path and the mysterious works of the universe. (Use ‘not only … but also’.)
Answer:
The word ‘Dao’ means not only the path but the mysterious works of the universe also.

Question 5.
The mountain is Yang – reaching vertically towards Heaven. (Turn into Complex.)
Answer:
The mountain is Yang which reaches vertically towards Heaven.

Question 6.
This can be compared with the Yogic practice of pranayama. (Change the Voice.)
Answer:
We can compare this with the Yogic Practice of pranayama.

Question 7.,
‘Outsider art’ – has become the fastest growing area of interest in contemporary art. (Change the Degree.)
Answer:
No other growing area of interest in contemporary art has become so fast as ‘Outsider art’.

Question 8.
Nek Chand is now hailed as India’s biggest contributor to outsider art. (Change the Degree.)
Answer:
Nek Chand is now hailed as bigger than any other contributor to outsider art in India.

Question 9.
What is often overlooked is an essential third element. (Make it Simple.)
Answer:
An essential third element is often overlooked.

Question 10.
Let me show the way. (Change the Voice.)
Answer:
Let the way be shown by me.

Landscape of the Soul Summary in English

Landscape of the Soul Introduction:
Nathalie Trouveroy, wife of the Belgian Ambassador to India, is an art historian. Nathalie has done her masters in the history of art and archaeology, with a specialization in Japanese art from the Catholic University of Louvain in Belgium, is pained at the eroding heritage of Delhi. Recently she and her friend Agnes Montanari translated William Dalrymple’s masterpiece on Delhi – ‘City of Djinns’ in pictures. She has been imbibing the cultures of the various cities she visits.

Landscape of the Soul Summary:
The writer contrasts Chinese art with European art by using two stories. The Tang Emperor Xuanzong commissioned the painter Wu Daozi to decorate a palace wall. When it was done the Emperor admired the scene. The painter drew the Emperor’s attention to a cave and when he clapped his hands the entrance of the cave opened. The painter entered but before Emperor could move the entrance closed and the painting vanished, along with the artist.

In another story, a painter wouldn’t draw the eye of a dragon he had painted for fear it would fly out of the painting. The writer then cites a story representative of Western painting in which a master blacksmith Quinten Metsys fell in love with a painter’s daughter. To be accepted as a son-in-law Quinten painted a fly on the painter’s latest panel. When the painter tried to swat it away he realised the truth – Quinten was taken on as an apprentice and married his beloved.

These stories reveal what each form tries to achieve. The Europeans want a perfect illusionstic likeness while in Asia it is the essence of inner life and spirit. In the Chinese story only the artist knows the way within and he reaches his goal beyond material appearance. Unlike a Western figurative painting a classical Chinese landscape does not reproduce an actual view and one can enter it from any point and travel in it. It requires the active participation of the viewer both physically and mentally. Man becomes a conduit of communication or ‘the eye of the landscape’.