Gujarat Board GSEB Textbook Solutions Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals of Climate Textbook Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf.

Gujarat Board Textbook Solutions Class 7 Science Chapter 7 Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals of Climate

Gujarat Board Class 7 Science Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals of Climate Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Name the elements that determine the weather of a place.
Answer:
The temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind-speed, etc. are the elements that determine the weather of a place.

Question 2.
When are the maximum and minimum temperature likely to occur during the day?
Answer:
The maximum temperature of the day occurs generally in the afternoon and the minimum temperature occurs in the early morning.

Question 3.
Fill in the blanks:
(i) The average weather taken over a long time is called ________.
(ii) A place receives very little rainfall and the temperature is high throughout the year, the climate of that place will be ________ and ________.
(iii) The two regions of the earth with extreme climatic conditions are ________ and ________.
Answer:
(i) climate of the place
(ii) hot, dry
(iii) polar, tropical regions

Question 4.
Indicate the type of climate of the following areas:
(a) Jammu and Kashmir: ________
(b) Kerala: ________
(c) Rajasthan: ________
(d) North-east India: ________
Answer:
(a) Jammu and Kashmir – moderately hot and wet climate.
(b) Kerala – very hot and wet climate.
(c) Rajasthan – hot and dry climate.
(d) North-east India – The north eastern India receives rain for a major part of the year, hence wet climate.

Question 5.
Which of the two changes frequently, weather or climate?
Answer:
Weather

Question 6.
Following are some of the characteristics of animals:
(i) Diets heavy on fruits
(ii) White fur
(iii) Need to migrate
(iv) Loud voice
(v) Sticky pads on feet
(vi) Layer of fat under skin
(vii) Wide and large paws
(viii) Bright colours
(ix) Strong tails
(x) Long and large beak
For each characteristic indicate whether it is adaptation for tropical rainforests or polar regions. Do you think that some of these characteristics can be adapted for both regions?
Answer:
Characteristics Adaptation for of animals
(i) Diets heavy on fruits – tropical rainforests
(ii) White fur – polar regions
(iii) Need to migrate – polar regions
(iv) Loud voice – tropical rainforests
(v) Sticky pads on feet – tropical rainforests
(vi) Layer of fat under skin – polar regions
(vii) Wide and large paws – polar regions
(viii) Bright colours – tropical rainforests
(ix) Strong tails – tropical rainforests
(x) Long and large beak – tropical rainforests
No. These characteristics cannot be adapted for both regions.

Question 7.
The tropical rainforests has a large population of animals. Explain why it is so.
Answer:
Because of continuous warmth and rain, the tropical region supports an 1 enormous number and a wide variety of animals.

Question 8.
Explain with examples, why we find animals of certain kind living in particular climatic conditions.
Answer:
Animals are adapted to survive in the conditions in which they live. Features and habits which help them to adapt to their surroundings are the result of evolution. So, to survive in a particular type of climate the animals must have certain adapted features. This is the reason we find animals of certain kind living in particular climatic conditions. For example, animals in the polar region are adapted to the extremely cold climate. They have special characteristics, such as white ; fur, strong sense of smell, a layer of fat under the skin, wide and large paws for swimming and walking in snow etc.

Question 9.
How do elephant living in the tropical rainforest adapt itself?
Answer:
The elephant has adapted to the conditions of rainforest in many remarkable ways. It has a trunk that it uses as a nose because of this it has a strong sense of smell. The trunk is also used by it for picking up food. Its tusks are modified teeth. These can tear the bark of trees that an elephant loves to eat. So, the elephant is able to handle the competition for food very well.

Large ears of the elephant help it to hear even veiy soft sounds. They also help the elephant to keep cool in the hot humid climate of the rainforest.

Choose the correct option which answers the following question:
Question 10.
A carnivore with stripes on its body moves very fast while catching its prey. It is likely to be found in:
(i) polar regions
(ii) deserts
(iii) oceans
(iv) tropical rainforests
Answer:
(i) tropical rainforests

Question 11.
Which features adapt polar bears to live in extremely cold climate?
(i) A white fur, fat below skin, keen sense of smell.
(ii) Thick skin, large eyes, a white fur.
(iii) A long tail, strong claws, white large paws.
(iv) White body, paws for swimming, gills for respiration.
Answer:
(i) A white fur, fat below skin, keen sense of smell.

Question 12.
Which option best describes a tropical region?
(i) hot and humid
(ii) moderate temperature, heavy rainfall
(iii) cold and humid
(iv) hot and dry
Answer:
(i) Hot and humid

Extended Learning – Activities And Projects

Question 1.
Collect weather reports of seven successive days in the winter months (preferably December). Collect similar reports for the summer months (preferably June). Now prepare a table for sunrise and sunset times as shown:
Table:

Try to answer the following questions:
(i) Is there any difference in the time of sunrise during summer and winter?
(ii) When do you find that the sun rises earlier?
(iii) Do you also find any difference in the time of sunset during the month of June and December?
(iv) When are the days longer?
(v) When are the nights longer?
(vi) Why are the days sometimes longer and sometimes shorter?
(vii) Plot the length of the day against the days chosen in June and December.
Answer:
Students should prepare a table for sunrise and sunset times as shown. On the basis of your observations and interpretations answer the questions.

(i) Yes, in summer sun rises earlier than in winters.

(ii) Sun rises earlier in summer.

(iii) Yes, there is difference in the time of sunset during the months of June and December. The sun sets late in the month of June and early in the month of December.

(iv) Days are longer in summer (in the month of June).

(v) Nights are longer in winter (in the month of December).

(vi) The earth revolves round the sun on an elliptical orbit. Seasons change with the change in the position of the earth around the sun. We live in Northern hemisphere of the earth which remains tilted towards the sun in summers.

A large portion of the earth gets light from the sun. This causes longer days and shorter nights. In winters, the Southern hemisphere of the Earth tilts towards the sun. Hence, Northern hemisphere gets light for shorter duration causing shorter days and longer nights.

(vii) Plot the graph as directed.

Question 2.
Collect information about the Indian Meteorological Department. If possible, visit its website: http//www.imd.gov.in. Write a brief report about the things this department does.
Answer:
Meteorological Department: The study of the processes and phenomena of the atmosphere, especially as a means of forecasting the weather is called meteorology. The department which takes care of these are called meteorological department. Functions of Meteorological

Department: Some of the functions of the meteorological department are to study the natural processes and phenomena such as:

• increase or decrease of air pressure in defined regions.
• formation of clouds.
• seismic changes that may cause earthquakes.
• study of changes in the atmosphere that may cause storms, hurricane etc.
• variation of atmospheric temperature, humidity, wind velocity etc.
• time of sunrise and sunset, maximum and minimum temperature of the previous day.

Thus, meteorological department constantly keep a watch on the various processes and phenomena that happen in the atmosphere.

On the basis of the study and observation they predict about things such as:

• What would be weather tomorrow.
• When monsoon is expected.
• To study when cylone, Hurricane, Tornado etc. are expected.