Gujarat Board GSEB Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 3 Courts and their Importance Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers, Notes Pdf.

Gujarat Board Textbook Solutions Class 7 Social Science Chapter 3 Courts and their Importance

GSEB Class 7 Social Science Courts and their Importance Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Why are courts necessary?
Answer:
Courts listen to the cases brought to them.
Based on the arguments, evidence and witnesses, the courts provide justice to the victim and punish the culprit.
Thus. courts are necessary to maintain faith, peace and security in the society.

Question 2.
Which type of cases are filed in the District Courts?
Answer:
Both civil and criminal cases.

Question 3.
Where is the High Court of Gujarat situated?
Answer:
The High Court of Gujarat is situated in Ahmedabad.
In the Indian judiciary system, the lower courts are the courts in the grass-root level. If a person is not satisfied with the decisions of the lower court, then the person can appeal to the High court which is the next highest court. The supreme court of India is the topmost court in the country where the decisions of the High court can be challenged.

Answer the following questions.

Question 1.
What kind of judicial system was there during olden days?
Answer:
The matter was investigated by the ministers and final verdict was given by the king.

Question 2.
Which type of court is there in your area?
Answer:
Tip
A court is any individual or entity with the power to resolve legal disputes between parties and to administer justice in civil, criminal, and administrative matters, often as a government institution, in compliance with the rule of law.

Explanation:
Civil Cases
The district court has appellate jurisdiction over all subordinate courts situated in the district on both civil and criminal matters. Subordinate courts, on the civil side (in ascending order) are, Junior Civil Judge Court, Principal Junior Civil Judge Court, Senior Civil Judge Court (also called sub-court).

Question 3.
What kinds of cases are filed in courts?
Answer:
Both civil and criminal cases.

Read the details, think and write

Answer:

Think
Only Civil cases are heard in the Talula Court
House, land or property cases are called as civil cases.
If people do not get justice in Taluka courf they can appeal to the District court.

Things to know
The State High Court Judge takes the oath in front of the Governor.
Generally, lawyers argue in a High Court. If required, both the petitioners and the accused are called in the court.

Things to know:
Every district has Criminal Court.
The Policemen arrest criminals on the basis of complaints filed against them.
Criminal gets punishments like penalty, life imprisonment or death sentence etc. on the basis of the type of crime committed by him/her.
Theft, robbers’, duel, murder, physical harm or any kind of fights come under criminal cases.
When the Police get to know about a crime for the first time, an FIR (First Information Report) is registered.

Think
There was a small village named Ratanpur, where, Jamshedji, a magician, lived. One day, a thief robbed his house. But, he did not know what to do and so, he came out of the house shouting for help. Everyone came out of their houses but the thief managed to escape. What, according to you, should Jamshedji do now?

Think
Question 1.
Who is usually present in a court?
Answer:
There are many people involved in the court system. Below is a list of some of the people you might meet if you are required to attend court:
Accused
The person against whom a criminal case is brought. Sometimes referred to as the defendant.
Associate Judge (Supreme Court):
The person who generally carries out the judicial function of hearing and determining issues which arise before and after trial in civil cases. Associate Judges do not hear trials.

Barrister:
A legal advocate who is briefed by a solicitor to present the defence or prosecution case in court.

Bench clerk (Magistrates’, Coroners and Children’s Court):
Sits near the magistrate or coroner, and announces the cases and calls people into court. The bench clerk will direct people where to stand, read the charges out in a criminal proceeding and administer the oath or affirmation to witnesses.

Defence Solicitor or Duty Solicitor:
The person who represents the accused in court. If the accused does not have a solicitor, they may be entitled to representation by a duty solicitor.

Informant:
In criminal cases, this is the police officer who charged the defendant. In coronial inquests, this is the police officer who investigated on behalf of the coroner. In some cases, the informant is a council officer or other government official.

Judge:
The person who hears cases and makes decisions in the County Court and Supreme Court. If a judge and a jury hear the case, the judge will be responsible for directing the jury about the law. If the accused is found guilty, the judge will impose the sentence.

In Victoria, the State Coroner is also a judge. When you speak to a judge, you should address them as ‘Your Honour’.

Judge’s Associate (Supreme, County and Coroners Courts):
Performs various administrative and court duties to assist the judge. These duties may include completing paperwork, liaising with parties, keeping a record of court proceedings, and taking verdicts or findings in coronial hearings.

Magistrate:
The person who hears cases and makes decisions in the Magistrates’ Court and Children’s Court. They decide what happens to a case, whether a case will have to go to another court or be put off until another day, whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty, and any penalty that will be given to the defendant. Some coroners are also magistrates.

When you speak to a magistrate or coroner, you should address them as ‘Your Honour’.
Plaintiff, complainant or applicant
The person who initiates the case in a non-criminal (civil) matter.

Prosecutor:
The person who appears in court to present the case against the defendant in a criminal hearing. Cases in the Magistrates’ Court and Children’s Court are usually prosecuted by a police officer. Cases in the higher courts are usually prosecuted by the Office of Public Prosecutions.

Registrar:
The manager/administrator of the court. It will be a registrar or deputy registrar (or member of the registry staff) who will assist you at a court counter.

Respondent:
The person against whom a civil case is brought.

Tipstaff (Supreme and County Courts):
Announces that the court is in session and administers oaths or affirmations to witnesses. An important duty of the tipstaff is to look after the jury. He or she escorts jury members into the courtroom and into the jury room and deals with any practical matters for the jury.

Question 2.
Who argues in the court?
Answer:
Lawyer of the one who has filed the case and the lawyer of the person against whom the case s filed argues in the court before the judge.

Question 3.
Which types of cases are heard in the court?
Answer:
Civil and Criminal cases.

Question 4.
Why does the court give verdicts?
Answer:
The idol represents Goddess and Goddess can never do injustice to one who seeks justice.

Question 5.
What will happen if the court does not pass any verdict?
Answer:
The case will continue in the court and the criminal will not be punished till then.

Question 6.
What will happen if the judgement is not accepted?
Answer:
If the judgment is not accepted, the person may again file the case in the higher court.
However, if the judgment is given by the Supreme Court, everyone has to accept it.

Question 7.
What will happen if people do not have money to pay to the court?
Answer:
They can file their case in Lok Adalat.

Let us know

Meet the people related to the judiciary.
Collect the required information from them.

GSEB Class 7 Social Science Courts and their Importance Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Observe the figure gIven here and answer the questions.
Answer:

Question 2.
What do you see n the Image?
Answer:

• The image is of Lady Justice (Goddess of Justice).
• She is blindfolded.
• She is holding a balance in her right hand and a sword in her left.

Question 3.
What is different in the idol?
Answer:

• Idols are never blindfolded. But here, the idol is blindfolded yet balancing the scale.
• This also means the law is not bias towards anyone and serves everyone equal.

Question 4.
Why is a scale kept in the hand?
Answer:
The scale is kept balanced. This suggests that everyone is treated equally in the eyes of law.

Question 5.
What does the sword in the hand of idol symbolize?
Answer:
The sword represents punishment. Thus if the crime is proven in the court, then the criminal will certainly be punished.

Question 6.
With what name is this idol known?
Answer:
Lady Justice (Goddess of Justice)

Question 7.
Why is the scale balanced?
Answer:
The balanced scale symbolizes that everyone is treated equally in the eyes of law.

Question 8.
Why is Goddess of Justice blindfolded?
Answer:
The blindfold symbolizes that justice is or should be given without fear or favour, regardless of identity, money, power or weakness.

Question 9.
Why does Goddess of Justice not give wrong verdict?
Answer:
The idol represents Goddess and Goddess can never do injustice to one who seeks justice.

Question 10.
Give a brief idea of Indian Judicial system.
Answer:
Indian Judicial System:

• India is a democratic country.
• The judiciary of our country is independent and unbiased.
• Those who do not abide by the laws are called criminals.
• By doing crime, criminals deprive others of their rights.
• India has three levels of court.

They are:
(A) Taluka courts,
(B) District courts and
(C) State level courts.

• Supreme Court is the highest court of the country.
• Our courts undertake both civil and criminal cases.
• Moreover, to make judiciary quick and inexpensive, ‘Lok Adalats have been established.

Question 11.
Explain the various types of courts and their hierarchy.
Answer:
India has three levels of court. They are:
(A) Taluka courts,
(B) District courts and
(C) State level courts.

• Supreme Court is the highest court of the country.
• These courts undertake both civil and criminal cases.
• The lowest level court is called the Taluka court.
• Taluka courts are also called Trial courts.
• Courts above the Taluka courts are called District courts.
• High court is the topmost court of all the Taluka and District courts. Thus, High court is the Apex (Highest) court in a state.
• High court of Gujarat was established in 1960 in Ahmedabad.
• The topmost court of our country is the Supreme Court. It is in Delhi.

Question 12.
Discuss the case of Hansaba.
Answer:
Case of Hansaba:

• There was a powerful landlord in a small town. He possessed maximum land of the town.
• There was a lady called Hansaba whose farm was near the landlord’s farm.
• The landlord encroached half area of Hansaba’s farm.
• The landlord was neither giving back her land nor any money against the land.
• Finally, to obtain justice, Hansaba filed a case in Taluka court.
• Both, the landlord and Hansaba presented their arguments in the court.

The verdict:
After hearing both the sides, the judge found landlord to be guilty and so gave the decision in the favour of Hansaba.

Question 13.
Write a short note on High court.
Answer:
High court:

• Every state has a High court.
• High court is above all the courts of state.
• The High court of Gujarat is in Ahmedabad.
• The jurisdiction of each High court is within its state.
• All the High courts of every state are at same level.
• High courts are also called ‘Court of Records’.
• Over and above the main judge, there are additional judges to help the main judge in taking a decision.
• Anyone can file a case in High court. However, if the court feels that a wrong appeal is being made by person filing the case, then it can also punish the one who made a wrong appeal.
• The High court judge takes his oath before the Governor.

Question 14.
Discuss the case of Gabbar and Lalji Mukhi.
Answer:
Case of Gabbar and Lalji Mukhi:

• Lalji Mukhi was the head (Mukhi) of Ranpur village.
• Once on a late winter evening, Lalji was returning home from his farm.
• Suddenly, a car stopped near him. 3-4 men got down from the car and attacked him. He was badly injured.
• The attackers were Gabbar and his men. Gabbar was a ruffian.
• To get justice, Mukhi filed a case against Gabbar.
• Police arrested Gabbar and presented him in the court.
• The lawyers of Mukhi and Gabbar argued in the court to defend their clients.
• Finally, Gabbar won the case and Mukhi did not get justice.
• Gabbar was free again. He repeatedly threatened Mukhi to kill him.
• Mukhi was fed-up and highly stressed.
• So, he appealed to the High court for justice.
• The judge of the High court heard appeals of both the parties.
• High court gave the decision in Mukhi’s favour.
• Finally, Mukhi got justice.

Question 15.
Explain crime and criminal.
Answer:
Crime and criminal:

• To administer a country efficiently, every country has framed its own laws.
• People who do not follow these laws are called criminals and their act of violating the law is called crime.
• Criminals deprive people from their rights.
• They exist everywhere.
• When someone files a complaint, the police arrest the person against whom complaint is been done.
• The police record the entire crime scene in the report called FIR, which means First Information Report.
• Once the crime against someone is proved, he is termed as criminal. The criminal is then given punishments such as penalty, imprisonment, sentence to death, etc.
• Every district has its own Criminal Court.

Example of crime:
Theft, robbery, murder, conspiracy, physical harm, etc.

Question 16.
Read the following paragraph and answer the question.
Answer:
There was a small village Ratanpur. A magician was living in the village. His name was Jamshedji. One day a thief robbed his house. He did not know what to do. He came out of the house shouting…. help…. help…. thief …….. Everyone came out. But the thief escaped. What should
Jamshedji do now?
Theft is a crime.
Jamshedji should go the police and file a complaint for the crime that has taken.

Question 17.
Read the following paragraph and answer the question.
Answer:
There was a man called Jugnu. People staying in the radius of 100 km. area were afraid of him. He could rob anyone and kill anybody. A lady who was a social worker came to the village one day. She complained in court against Jugnu so as to save people from his terror.

The case was heard in the court but nobody dared to speak against Jugnu. Everybody was afraid of him. The lady lost the case because people were afraid of him. If people had stood witness against him without any fear, what would have been the judgement?

• Jugnu was a well-known criminal.
• If people would have supported the lady social worker in the court and spoke against Jugnu, Jugnu would have lost the case.
• The judge would then punish Jugnu and send him to the jail.
• This way Jugnu’s terror would have ended and people could live peacefully.

Question 18.
What will happen if the judgment is not accepted?
Answer:
If the judgment is not accepted, the person may again file the case in the higher court. However, if the judgment is given by the Supreme Court, everyone has to accept it.

Answer in One or two Sentence(s)
Note: Here, answers are given in short for memorizing easily. Students must wrIte full sentences.

Question 1.
Who are criminals?
Answer:
People who do not abide by the law are called criminals.

Question 2.
Which different courts exist in a state?
Answer:
Taluka court, District court and High court.

Question 3.
Why were Lok Adalats started?
Answer:
To solve the cases in quick, inexpensive and efficient manner.

Question 4.
Which cases are called civil cases?
Answer:
Cases related to house, land or property.

Question 5.
What are the two parties in the court called?
Answer:
Petitioner and accused.

Question 6.
What are the different kinds of punishment given to criminals?
Answer:
Penalty, imprisonment, capital punishment (hang to death), etc.

Question 7.
What is the first report called which is registered in case of any complaint or crime?
Answer:
FIR – First Information Report

Question 8.
When is there a delay in judgment?
Answer:
When the court has to investigate the matter minutely to avoid justice.

Question 9.
Who goes to the court?
Answer:
A person who has been a victim of the crime.

Question 10.
When does the court pass the judgment?
Answer:
Civil and Criminal cases.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
At a state level, there are …………………. levels of courts.
(A) 2
(B) 3
(C) 4
(D) 5
Answer:
(B) 3

Question 2.
The lowest level court is ……………………… court.
(A) Taluka
(B) District
(C) High
(D) Supreme
Answer:
(A) Taluka

Question 3.
………………… is /are also called Trial courts.
(A) Taluka court(s)
(B) District court(s)
(C) High court(s)
(D) Supreme court (s)
Answer:
(A) Taluka court(s)

Question 4.
The apex court of the state is ………………….. .
(A) Taluka court
(B) District court
(C) High court
(D) Supreme court
Answer:
(C) High court

Question 5.
The High court of Gujarat was set up in ……………….. .
(A) 1947
(B) 1951
(C) 1960
(D) 1972
Answer:
(C) 1960

Question 6.
The High court of Gujarat is in …………………. .
(A) Gandhinagar
(B) Ahmedabad
(C) Vadodara
(D) Rajkot
Answer:
(B) Ahmedabad

Question 7.
Which of these Is Included In civil case?
(A) Blouse
(B) Land
(C) Property
(D) All of these
Answer:
(D) All of these

Question 8.
If one does not get justice in the Taluka court, he approaches
(A) District
(B) High
(C) Supreme
(D) Any of these
Answer:
(A) District

Question 9.
…………………… Is also called the Court of Records.
(A) Taluka court
(B) District court
(C) High court
(D) Supreme court
Answer:
(C) High court

Question 10.
In FIR, ‘I’ refers to …………………. .
(A) Informative
(B) Inform
(C) Informing
(D) Information
Answer:
(D) Information

Question 11.
Which cases are heard in the Taluka court?
(A) Civil
(B) Criminal
(C) Both of these
(D) None of these
Answer:
(A) Civil

Question 12.
Why were the Lok Adalats started?
(A) To give quick judgment
(B) To reduce the expense of the court
(C) To find ways to reconcile
(D) All of these the Court.
Answer:
(D) All of these the Court.

Fill in the blanks

Question 1.
Those who do not abide by the law are …………… .
Answer:
Criminals

Question 2.
……………………….. is the topmost court of all the courts of the district.
Answer:
High court

Question 3.
House, land or property cases are called ……………………… cases.
Answer:
Civil

Question 4.
The topmost court of our country is called the ……………………… .
Answer:
Supreme Court

Question 5.
Theft, robbery, murder, physical harm, or fighting are included in …………………. cases.
Answer:
Criminal

Question 6.
The judge of the High court takes oath in front of the ………………………….. .
Answer:
Governor

Question 7.
……………………………. was started for quick and inexpensive justice.
Answer:
Lok Adalat

True or False

Question 1.
The Goddess of Justice holds a sword in her right hand.
Answer:
False

Question 2.
The idol of Goddess of Justice is the only idol in the world which is blindfolded.
Answer:
True

Question 3.
The Goddess of justice is blindfolded to signify unbiasedness.
Answer:
True

Question 4.
High court is also called the Apex court of a country.
Answer:
False

Question 5.
Lalji Mukhi was the head of village in which Hansaba was exploited.
Answer:
False

Question 6.
Gabbar attacked Lalji Mukhi.
Answer:
True

Question 7.
‘FIR’ stands for First Investigation Report.
Answer:
False

Question 8.
An effort was made by a humble lady to teach a lesson to notorious Jugnu.
Answer:
True

Question 9.
Shyam was not satisfied with the judgment given by the Taluka court. So, Mahesh advised him to file the case in the High court. Is Mahesh’s advice correct? State True for ‘Yes’ and False for ‘No’.
Answer:
False

Question 10.
Raghav’s house got looted when he and his family was out of town. Raghav’s father filed a police complaint. He had a doubt on one of the notorious person residing in a nearby area. So, Raghav filed a civil case against him. He took a correct step.
Answer:
False