Working With the Text   (Page 91)

A.Match the sentences under I with those under II.

I
1. Jumman and Algu were the best of friends.
2. Jumman’s aunt transferred her property to him.
3. The aunt decided to appeal to the
4. Algu was unwilling to support the aunt.
5. Jumman was very happy to hear Algu’s name as’head

II
1. He believed that his friend would never go against him.
2. She wanted justice.
3. In the absence of one, the other took care of his family.
4. The condition was that he would be responsible for her welfare.
5 .The bond of friendship between him and Jumman was very strong.

Ans:

B. Who says this to whom and why?

1. “My wife knows best how to run the house.”
2. “But is it right, my son, to keep mum and not say what you consider just and fair?”
3. “What have you to say in your defence?”
4. “I can’t pay you a penny for the wretched beast you sold me.”
5. “Victory to the This is justice.”

Ans:

1. Jumman speaks these words to his aunt. He wanted to get rid of his aunt. He did not want to give her any allowance.
2. The old aunt says these words to Algu Chowdhry. Algu was unwilling to give his judgement against his best friend.

3. Algu said these words to Jumman when he occupied the seat of the head He was keen to do justice.4. Sahu said this to Algu Chowdhry. Algu had sold his bullock to Samjhu Sahu. The bullock died because Sahu overworked and underfed the animal. When Algu demanded his money, Algu dishonestly refused to pay him a penny.
5. Jumman was the head He could easily give his verdict against Algu. But the seat of panch made him fair and just. He asked Sahu to pay the money to Algu. At this Algu shouted with joy and welcomed the fair judgement.

C. Answer the following questions.

1. “Then the situation changed.” What is being referred to? (2)
Ans: The situation changed after the transfer of property. Jumman forgot his prom­ise to look after his old aunt. He as well as his wife began to ill-treat her.

2.When Jumman’s aunt realised that she was not welcome in his house, what arrangement did she suggest? (3)
Ans: Jumman’s aunt could not bear insults any more. She wanted to cook her food separately. She demanded monthly allowance from her nephew.

3. What was the villagers’ reaction when the aunt explained her case to them?(4)
Ans. The old woman went to several villagers to explain her case and get their support. But some showed sympathy, and some laughed at her. A few advised her to make peace with Jumman.

4. Why was Jumman happy over Algu’s nomination as head Panch? (6)
Ans: Algu and Jumman were fast friends. So Jumman hoped to get the verdict in his favour. Naturally, he felt happy when the aunt named Algu to act as head Panch.

5. “God lives in the heart of the Panch”, the aunt said. What did she mean? (6)
Ans. The aunt meant that a person in the seat of a judge becomes fair and just like God. He is not guided by his personal likes and dislikes. He can not do any injustice. He is God’s representative.

6. What was Algu’s verdict as head Panch? How did Jumman take it? (7, 8)
Ans: Algu heard the case and gave a fair judgement. He asked Jumman either to pay a monthly allowance to his aunt or transfer the property in her name. Jumman was stunned. He became Algu’s enemy. He decided to take revenge on Algu.

7. Algu found himself in a tight spot. What was his problem? (9)
Ans: Algu sold his bullock to Samjhu Sahu, a cartman. Sahu promised to pay the price within a month. But during this period he took so much work from the animal that it died. Sahu became dishonest. He refused to pay the money.

8. Why was Algu upset over Jumman’s nomination as head Panch? (12, 13)
Ans: Algu was upset because Jumman was already annoyed with him. So he thought  Jumman would take his revenge.

9. What was Jumman’s verdict as head Panch? How did Algu take it? (14, 15)
Ans:  Jumman’s verdict was that Sahu had to pay the price of bullock to Algu. Because when Sahu purchased the bullock from Algu it was hale and hearty. This was a genuine decision. Algu took it happily and said it was a victory of the panchayat.

10. Which of the following sums up the story best?

(i)“I also know that you will not kill your conscience for the sake of friend­ship.”
(ii)“Let no one deviate from the path of justice and truth for friendship or en- , mity.”
(iii)‘The voice of the Panch is the voice of God.”
Give a reason for your choice.
Ans: I think the second statement sums up the story best.
The person in the seat of a judge becomes fair and just.

Working with Language   (Page 92)

A. Replace the italicised portion of each sentence below with a suitable phrase from the box. Make necessary changes, wherever required.

                                   look after         swallow         make it up     keep mum     go into     ease one’s                                                  conscience     as ill luck would have it       a tight spot           take chances      my heart sank

1. The best way to avoid an unnecessary argument is to remain silent
2. Unfortunately, the train I was trying to catch was cancelled.
3. He has been told not to take risks while driving a car through a crowded street.
4. The patient needs to be properly taken care of.
5. Why don’t the two of you end your quarrel by shaking hands?
6. I was in a difficult situation till my friends came to my rescue.
7. When I saw a pile of dirty dishes, I felt very disappointed.
8. I will examine the matter carefully before commenting on it.
9. They criticised him in the meeting but he accepted without protest all the criti­cism.
10. It will free me from worry to know that I had done nothing wrong.

Ans.

1. The best way to avoid an unnecessaiy argument is to keep
2. As ill luck would have it; the train I was trying to catch was cancelled.
3. He has been told not to take chances while driving a car through a crowded street.
4. The patient needs to be properly looked after.
5. Why don’t the two of you make it up by shaking hands?
6. I was in a tight spot till my friends came to my rescue.
7. When I saw a pile of dirty dishes, my heart sank.
8. I will go into the matter carefully before commenting on it.
9. They criticised him in the meeting but he swallowed all the criticism.
10. It will ease my conscience to know that I had done nothing wrong.

B. Look at the following phrases and their meanings. Use the phrases to fill in the blanks in the sentences given below.

set up                 —   put in place or start
set aside            —    save or keep for a particular purpose
set down           —    write or record
set out               —    start on a journey
set in                  _   begin and seem likely to continue

1. Why don’t you________________ your ideas on paper?
2. A fund has been_________________ for the soldiers’ families.
3. We should________________ a little money every month.
4. You should buy some woollens before winter___________________
5. They______________ on the last stage of their journey.

Ans:

1. set down
2. set up
3. set aside
4. sets in
5. set out.

Speaking and Writing   (Page 94)

A. Look at the following pictures. One asks a question, the other answers it. Then the answer is noted in a form as shown below.

B.Work in small groups. Ask your partner the questions given below. If possible, ask him/her a reason for saying Yes or No. Then tick Yes/No, whichever is proper.

1. Do you have a separate room for sleep and study? Yes/No
2. Would you prefer to live in a joint family? Yes/No
3. Do you get on with people? Yes/No
4. Do you like the area you live in? Yes/No
5. Do you find the place overcrowded? Yes/No
6. Do you use public transport? Yes/No
7. Would you like a vehicle of your own? Yes/No
8. Do you like reading? Yes/No
9. Would you like to be a teacher/doctor/engineer/architect? Yes/No

Ans: Do it yourself.

C. Now that you have completed the above project, write a brief report stating what you did, how you did it and the conclusion.

Ans. My friend answered all my questions in a free and frank manner. He said that he would be happy to have a separate room for sleep and study. He preferred to live in a joint family. He loved to meet people and he liked the locality he lived in. The locality was not over-crowded. He didn’t mind travelling by bus. He was fond of ^reading. His ambition was to be an architect.                                                                                                ,

Dictation

Your teacher will speak the words listed below. Write against each a word of opposite meaning.

Examples:               liquid                     solid

hard                       soft

1. old_____________
2. wet_____________
3. open____________
4. blunt____________
5. forget____________

Ans:  1. new                          2. dry                         3. closed                   4. sharp                     5. remember

MORE QUESTIONS SOLVED

I.SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. How did Algu and Jumman treat each other?
Ans: Algu and Jumman were fast friends. But they became enemies when Algu decided the case in favour of the old aunt. Jumman also got a chance to take revenge. But as head Panch he also acted as fair and just. They became friends again.

2. How did Jumman treat his old aunt?
Ans: Jumman got his aunt’s property transferred in his name. He promised to support her. But soon they were tired of her. His wife insulted their aunt when she gave her little food.

3. How did the old aunt get justice?
Ans: The old aunt presented her case before the village panchayat. She had faith in the honesty of Algu. So she named Algu the head Panch. Algu ignored his friendship with Jumman for the sake of truth and justice.

4. What were the common characteristics between Algu and Jumman?
Ans:  Algu and Jumman belonged to two different faiths. Yet both valued their friendship equally. Both had a clean conscience. Neither allowed his personal feelings to affect their love for truth and justice.

5.What decisions were given by Algu and Jumman as head Panch?
Ans: ‘ Algu told Jumman either to pay his aunt a monthly allowance or transfer her property to her. Jumman as head Panch gave the verdict that Sahu should pay Algu the price of the bullock

II.LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Why did Jumman Shaikh and Algu Chowdhry, the two good friends, become sworn enemies?
Ans: Jumman and Algu were fast friends. They trusted each other blindly. But an incident broke them apart. Jumman had got the property of his old aunt. But after some duration he began to ignore and ill treat her. She demanded a monthly allowance or the return of her land. The panchayat was called to hear the case. Algu as the head Panch decided the case in favour of the old aunt. The two friends became sworn enemies.

2. How did Jumman and Algu get over their bitterness and become friends again?
Ans: Jumman Shaikh and Algu Chowdhry broke up when Algu gave his verdict in favour of Jumman’s aunt. Algu heard the voice of his conscience and did justice. But Jumman waited for his turn to take revenge. He got that chance soon. Algu was being cheated by Sahu. Hence, a panchayat was held. Sahu named Jumman as head Panch. But as soon as Jumman occupied that seat of responsibility, he too decided the case on facts and merit. His verdict in favour of Algu brought them closer once again.

3.Which is more desirable-friendship or enmity? When does a person hear strongly the voice of his conscience?
Ans: It goes without saying that friendship is based on goodwill and respect for one another. Enmity is created by hatred and ill-will. Friendship is definitely far better than enmity. Every person has a weakness for friends. But the moment he occupies the seat of judgement, he hears the voice of his conscience and gives a fair verdict.